Exploring the effect of the structural model of active aging on the self-assessment of quality of life among older people: A cross-sectional and analytical study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Although studies have examined the relationship between variables associated with active aging and quality of life (QoL), no studies have been identified to have investigated the effect of a structural model of active aging on QoL in a representative sample of older people in the community. OBJECTIVE: To measure the domains and facets of QoL in older people and identify the effect of the structural model of active aging on the self-assessment of QoL. DESIGN AND SETTING: This cross-sectional analytical study included 957 older people living in urban areas. Data were collected from households using validated instruments between March and June 2018. Descriptive, confirmatory factor, and structural equation modeling analyses were performed. RESULTS: Most older people self-rated their QoL as good (58.7%), and the highest mean scores were for the social relationships domain (70.12 ± 15.4) and the death and dying facet (75.43 ± 26.7). In contrast, the lowest mean scores were for the physical domains (64.41 ± 17.1) and social participation (67.20 ± 16.2) facets. It was found that active aging explained 50% of the variation in self-assessed QoL and directly and positively affected this outcome (λ = 0.70; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Active aging had a direct and positive effect on the self-assessment of QoL, indicating that the more individuals actively aged, the better the self-assessment of QoL.

Efecto de la implementación de programas de gerontología comunitaria sobre el envejecimiento saludable o activo en adultos mayores en México: Revisión sistemática y meta-análisis / Effect of the implementation of community gerontology programs on healthy or active aging in older adults in Mexico: Systematic Review and meta-analysis

Introducción: El incremento de la población de adultos mayores y el aumento de la esperanza de vida han sido determinantes para la incidencia de las enfermedades crónico no trasmisibles en la vejez, lo que conlleva al riesgo de tener una limitación funcional física, psicológica y social. Por tal motivo, la intervención comunitaria para el Envejecimiento Saludable (ES) y Envejecimiento Activo (EA), es una oportunidad para que el adulto mayor mantenga, prolongue o recupere la capacidad funcional (CF), elemento clave del ES Método: se realizó una búsqueda de artículos científicos en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, LILACS, TESIUNAM. Resultados: Se encontraron 378 artículos (PubMed n=173, Scopus n=95, SciELO n=56, LILACS n=54, TESIUNAM n=17), de los cuales ocho cumplieron los criterios para el análisis cualitativo (revisión sistemática), solo 2 estudios fueron incluidos en el análisis cuantitativo (Meta-análisis). Respecto al MA los parámetros incluidos; concentración sanguínea de glucosa y colesterol (CL)así como en las cifras de presión arterial diastólica (PAD), índice de masa corporal (IMC) y peso. Es así como se encontró una disminución estadísticamente significativa después de la intervención en la concentración sanguínea, TG (-40.91, IC95% -53.90, -27.93 p<0.0001); CL (-19.39, IC95% -30.14, -8.63 p<0.0004) y PAS (-11.21 IC95% -20.29, -2.13 y p<0.02). Conclusiones: Nuestros hallazgos muestran un efecto positivo de los programas de intervención comunitaria de ES y EA, sobre las CF físicas, psicológicas y sociales, aunque existe una alta heterogeneidad en los métodos, tiempo de intervención y parámetros de medición, es a cabo estudios con una metodología similar.

Introduction: The increase in the population of older adults and the increase in life expectancy have been decisive for the incidence of chronic non-communicable diseases in old age, which entails the risk of having a physical, psychological and social functional limitation. For this reason, the community intervention for Healthy Aging (ES) and Active Aging (EA) is an opportunity for the elderly to maintain, prolong or recover functional capacity (FC), a key element of ES Method: a search of scientific articles was carried out in the PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, LILACS, TESIUNAM databases. Results: 378 articles were found (PubMed n=173, Scopus n=95, SciELO n=56, LILACS n=54, TESIUNAM n=17), of which eight met the criteria for qualitative analysis (systematic review), only 2 studies were included in the quantitative analysis (Meta-analysis). Regarding the MA, the parameters included; blood glucose and cholesterol (CL) concentration, as well as diastolic blood pressure (DBP), body mass index (BMI) and weight. This is how a statistically significant decrease was found after the intervention in blood concentration, TG (-40.91, 95% CI -53.90, -27.93 p<0.0001); CL (-19.39, 95%CI -30.14, -8.63 p<0.0004) and PAS (-11.21 95%CI -20.29, -2.13 and p<0.02). Conclusions: Our findings show a positive effect of SE and EA community intervention programs on physical, psychological and social CF, although there is a high heterogeneity in the methods, intervention time and measurement parameters, it is carried out studies with a similar methodology.

Introdução: O aumento da população de idosos e o aumento da esperança de vida têm sido decisivos para a incidência de doenças crónicas não transmissíveis na velhice, o que acarreta o risco de ter uma limitação funcional física, psicológica e social. Por esta razão, a intervenção comunitária para o Envelhecimento Saudável (ES) e o Envelhecimento Ativo (EA) constitui uma oportunidade para os idosos manterem, prolongarem ou recuperarem a capacidade funcional (CF), elemento fundamental do ES. Método: foi realizada busca de artigos científicos nas bases de dados PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, LILACS, TESIUNAM. Resultados: foram encontrados 378 artigos (PubMed n=173, Scopus n=95, SciELO n=56, LILACS n=54, TESIUNAM n=17), dos quais oito atenderam aos critérios de análise qualitativa (revisão sistemática), apenas 2 estudos foram incluídos na análise quantitativa (Meta-análise). Em relação ao MA, os parâmetros incluídos; concentração de glicemia e colesterol (CL), bem como pressão arterial diastólica (PAD), índice de massa corporal (IMC) e peso. Foi assim que foi encontrada uma diminuição estatisticamente significativa após a intervenção na concentração sanguínea, TG (-40,91, IC 95% -53,90, -27,93 p<0,0001); CL (-19,39, IC95% -30,14, -8,63 p<0,0004) e PAS (-11,21 IC95% -20,29, -2,13 e p<0,02). Conclusões: Nossos resultados mostram um efeito positivo dos programas de intervenção comunitária de SE e EA na FC física, psicológica e social, embora haja uma alta heterogeneidade nos métodos, tempo de intervenção e parâmetros de medição, são realizados estudos com metodologia semelhante.

Analysis on Theoretical Dimension and Practical Path of Medical Social Work Intervention in Elderly Care Service from the Perspective of Active Aging / 中国医学伦理学

Actively coping with population aging and promoting high-quality development of the aging business and industry are not only the inherent requirements for building a positive aging society with Chinese characteristics in the new era, but also an important driving force for comprehensively optimizing the supply of urban and rural elderly services. From the perspective of active aging, this paper analyzed the theory of medical social work intervention in elderly care services through three dimensions: micro, meso, and macro, and elaborated the practical path of medical social work intervention in elderly care services. It was considered that its own service failed to give play to its professional characteristics, limited social awareness and authority, vague responsibility subject among industries, and inconsistent institutional regulation. Based on this, it was suggested that the key to medical social work intervention in elderly care services lied in clarifying the goal of training medical talents, creating brand services to enhance the visibility of medical social workers, defining the responsible body, and exploring the standardized system construction.

Caracterización de los determinantes sociales de la salud del envejecimiento activo en estudios enfocados a la calidad de vida: mapeo sistemático / Characterization of the social determinants of health in active aging in studies focused on quality of life: systematic mapping

Resumen El aumento demográfico de adultos mayores se está presentando acompañado de condiciones socioeconómicas y de salud desfavorables, que afectan su calidad de vida. Esta situación puede paliarse a través del marco del envejecimiento activo, el cual aporta lineamientos alternativos que pueden resultar eficaces para contrarrestarlos. La Organización Mundial de la Salud establece que el envejecimiento activo tiene seis Determinantes Sociales de la Salud (DSS) que han sido abordados desde diferentes áreas por la comunidad científica. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue identificar y caracterizar el tipo de estudios enfocados a la calidad de vida, desde el envejecimiento activo, y clasificarlos de acuerdo con los DSS. Se revisaron las bases de datos Ebscohost, Scopus, Oxford, Redalyc y Sage Journals. Los descriptores utilizados fueron "envejecimiento activo" y "calidad de vida", en inglés y español. La búsqueda del mapeo sistemático comprendió enero 2015 a marzo 2022. Se localizaron 91 artículos en los que se evaluó la calidad de vida, desde la perspectiva del envejecimiento activo y la mayoría (81.3 %) fueron estudios transversales. Se identificaron 3 intervenciones psicológicas, con evaluación antes y después de las sesiones, abordando los DSS relacionados con los factores personales, como salud psicológica, percepción positiva con la actividad física y función cognitiva. Así mismo, los factores conductuales, como estilos de vida para la prevención de riesgo de caídas y mejora de la vida en general, que podrían condicionar la calidad de vida. El principal alcance temático de los estudios fue la vinculación existente entre la calidad de vida y los DSS relacionados con los factores personales y con el entorno social. Se requieren más estudios interdisciplinarios que ayuden a generar políticas públicas que impacten favorablemente en este sector poblacional.

Abstract The demographic increase of elderly people is taking place along with unfavorable socioeconomic and health conditions, which affect their quality of life. This situation can be alleviated through an active aging framework, which provides alternative guidelines that can be effective in counteracting them. The World Health Organization establishes that active aging has six Social Determinants of Health (SDH) that have been approached from different areas by the scientific community. The objective of this work was to identify and characterize the type of studies focused on quality of life, from active aging, and classify them according to the SDH. Ebscohost, Scopus, Oxford, Redalyc and Sage Journals databases were reviewed. The descriptors used were "active aging" and "quality of life", in English and Spanish. The systematic mapping search comprised from January 2015 to March 2022. 91 articles were located where quality of life was evaluated from the perspective of active aging and the majority (81.3 %) were cross-sectional studies. Three psychological interventions were identified, with an evaluation before and after the sessions, comprising the SDH related to personal factors, such as psychological health, positive perception with physical activity and cognitive function. Likewise, behavioral factors such as lifestyles for the prevention of risk of falls and general life improvement which could condition the quality of life. The main thematic scope of the analyzed studies was the existing relationship between quality of life and the SDH related to personal factors and the social environment. Further interdisciplinary studies are required to contribute to the creation of public policy that impacts favorably this sector of the population.

Influencia de las TIC en la calidad de vida relacionada a la salud (CVRS) en adultos mayores de un Centro de salud / Influence of ICT on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in older adults at a Health Center / Influência das TIC na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde (QVRS) em idosos em um Centro de Saúde

Cuando los individuos envejecen se vuelven más vulnerables a pasar por hechos que afectan su calidad de vida, estos sucesos pueden corresponder a aspectos sociales, ambientales, psicológicos y/o físicos; en este contexto, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la influencia de las TIC en la calidad de vida relacionada a la salud en los adultos mayores del centro materno infantil de Comas, Perú. La investigación es de tipo básica de nivel explicativo. El método es hipotético deductivo y el diseño fue no experimental. La población estuvo conformada por 256 adultos mayores y la muestra fue no probabilística de 100 individuos. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el test WHOQOL-OLD diseñado por la OMS y el test de actitudes hacia las TIC. La aplicación de los instrumentos fue individual y tuvo una duración aproximada de 40 minutos. La validez fue dada por juicio de expertos, la confiabilidad se comprobó mediante el estadístico alfa de Cronbach obteniendo un valor de 0.935 Según los resultados se explica la incidencia de la variable actitud hacia las TIC en la variable dependiente, calidad de vida de los adultos mayores, ya que el chi cuadrado tiene un valor de 17.310 y p valor de significancia de 0.003, por lo que se concluye que las TIC tienen influencia en la calidad de vida relacionada a la salud de los adultos mayores de un centro de salud en Comas, Perú.

When individuals grow older they become more vulnerable to events that affect their quality of life, these events may correspond to social, environmental, psychological and/or physical aspects; in this context, the present study aimed to determine the influence of ICTs on health-related quality of life in older adults in the maternal and child center of Comas, Peru. The research is of a basic type of explanatory level. The method was hypothetical-deductive and the design was non-experimental. The population consisted of 256 older adults and the sample was a non-probabilistic sample of 100 individuals. The instruments used were the WHOQOL-OLD test designed by the WHO and the ICT attitudes test. The application of the instruments was individual and lasted approximately 40 minutes. According to the results, the incidence of the variable attitude towards ICT on the dependent variable, quality of life of older adults, is explained by the chi-square value of 17.310 and p significance value of 0.003, so it is concluded that ICT have an influence on the health-related quality of life of older adults in a health center in Comas, Peru.

Conforme os indivíduos envelhecem, tornam-se mais vulneráveis a eventos que afetam sua qualidade de vida, estes eventos podem corresponder a aspectos sociais, ambientais, psicológicos e/ou físicos; neste contexto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo determinar a influência das TICs na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde de adultos idosos no centro materno-infantil de Comas, no Peru. A pesquisa é uma pesquisa básica a nível explicativo. O método era hipotético-dedutivo e o projeto era não experimental. A população consistia de 256 adultos mais velhos e a amostra era uma amostra não-probabilística de 100 indivíduos. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o teste WHOQOL-OLD projetado pela OMS e o teste de atitudes em relação às TIC. A aplicação dos instrumentos foi individual e durou aproximadamente 40 minutos. De acordo com os resultados, a incidência da atitude variável em relação às TIC sobre a variável dependente, qualidade de vida dos adultos idosos, é explicada pelo valor qui-quadrado de 17.310 e o valor p significativo de 0.003. Portanto, conclui-se que as TIC têm uma influência na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde dos adultos idosos em um centro de saúde em Comas, Peru.

Achieving successful aging through exercise: intrinsic logic and path selection / 中华老年医学杂志

Physical exercise helps promote successful aging, meaning that physical exercise can promote the physical health of the elderly and achieve healthy aging.It can also improve the mental health of the elderly and help achieve active aging.In addition, it can enhance social participation of the elderly and help achieve productive aging.To take advantage of the benefits of exercise for successful aging, the selection of paths should follow the principles of evidence-based exercise and scientifically proven exercise to avoid ineffective exercise or other negative effects of exercise, give priority to the natural environment to maximize exercise benefits, consider harmonious integration into social situations to improve the sense of social participation of the elderly, and formulate specific exercise plans to offer customized exercise prescriptions to realize the best results.

Funcionalidade de idosos ativos no centro de convivência da terceira idade em Teresina / Functionality of elderly activities at the third age living center in Teresina

Este artigo tem por objetivo avaliar a funcionalidade dos idosos que estão cadastrados em um Centro de Convivência da Terceira Idade. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, do tipo quantitativa e transversal, realizada com 51 idosos. O instrumento de avaliação foi constituído da investigação das características sociodemográficas, da funcionalidade através do Índice de Katz, escala de Lawton e nível de Atividade e Participação, de acordo com a Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF). A análise estatística foi realizada no software BioState versão 5.4, utilizando a média, desvio-padrão, o teste de correlação de Pearson para dados paramétricos e o de associação do Qui-quadrado e Spearman para os dados não paramétricos. Na avaliação das características sociodemográficas, verificou-se que 80,4% dos idosos eram do sexo feminino, com média de idade de 70.8 (±5,5) anos, viúvos (n=20) e recebiam aposentadoria (n=31). Em relação à funcionalidade, 100% dos idosos apresentaram independência para a maioria das Atividades Básicas de Vida Diária (ABVD ́s),porém observou-se prevalência importante (9,8%) de incontinência urinária presente nas idosas do estudo. Para a realização das Atividades Instrumentais de Vida Diária (AIVD ́s), a maioria dos idosos apresentaram independência, contudo foi identificada prevalência considerável de idosos com alguma dependência (parcial ou total) para sua execução. No que se refere à classificação da funcionalidade pela CIF, a maioria dos códigos utilizados para classificação da funcionalidade dos idosos apresentou em comum o qualificador 0. Constatou-se que a participação dos idosos em um Centro de Convivência promove maior independência e autonomia aos idosos, demonstrando a sua importância.(AU)

This article aims to evaluate the functionality of the elderly who are registered in a Community Center for the Elderly. This is a descriptive, quantitative and cross-sectional study conducted with 51 elderly people. The evaluation instrument consisted of the investigation of sociodemographic characteristics, functionality through the Katz Index, Lawton scale and level of Activity and Participation, according to the International Classification of Functionality, Disability and Health (CIF). Statistical analysis was performed using the BioState software version 5.4, using the mean, standard deviation, Pearson's correlation test for parametric data and the Chi-square and Spearman association test for nonparametric data. In the assessment of sociodemographic characteristics, it was found that 80.4% of the elderly were female, with an average age of 70.8 (± 5.5) years, widowed (n = 20) and receiving retirement (n = 31). Regarding functionality, 100% of the elderly were independent for most of the Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADLs), but there was an important prevalence (9.8%) of urinary incontinence present in the elderly of the study. For the performance of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs), the majority of the elderly showed independence, however a considerable prevalence of elderly people with some dependence (partial or total) for their execution was identified. Regarding the classification of functionality by the ICF, most of the codes used to classify the functionality of the elderly had the qualifier 0 in common. It was found that the participation of the elderly in Community Center promotes greater independence and autonomy for the elderly, demonstrating its importance.(AU)

Educação popular, promoção da saúde e envelhecimento ativo: uma revisão bibliográfica integrativa / Popular education, health promotion and active aging: an integrative literature review

Resumo O envelhecimento populacional é um fenômeno mundial e requer ações que propiciem bem-estar e previnam agravos e hospitalizações evitáveis. O propósito deste artigo foi identificar ações educativas e de promoção de saúde voltadas ao envelhecimento ativo. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica integrativa de estudos publicados no ano de 2005 a agosto de 2018 nas bases de dados Lilacs e Medline, e nas bibliotecas virtuais SciELO e BVS em português, inglês e espanhol. Foram encontrados 2.069 estudos sobre os temas, sendo selecionados 33 depois de aplicados os critérios de inclusão. A observação mostrou que as ações identificadas promovem a adoção de hábitos saudáveis e a participação dos idosos, caracterizando-as como promotoras do envelhecimento ativo. No entanto, observam-se que estão limitadas ao segmento de idosos, o que pode favorecer a segregação etária, além de considerar o envelhecimento a partir da terceira idade e não um processo contínuo da vida. Das ações aqui evidenciadas, embora importantes, apenas onze delas foram avaliadas, o que sugere que a avaliação ainda não está sedimentada nos processos de intervenções de educação e promoção da saúde para mostrar efetividade e favorecer a replicação em outros locais ou serviços.

Abstract Population ageing is a global phenomenon and requires actions to promote well-being and prevent illnesses and unnecessary hospital admissions. The objective of this study was to identify education and health promotion actions aimed at promoting active aging. An integrative literature review was conducted of relevant articles written in Portuguese, English and Spanish published between 2005 and August 2018 using the following electronic databases and virtual libraries: Lilacs, MEDLINE, SciELO, and BVS. The initial search resulted in 2,069 articles, of which 33 met the inclusion criteria. The analysis showed that the actions identified by the review promoted the adoption of healthy habits and participation of older people, characterizing them as actions that promote active aging. However, the actions were limited almost exclusively to this age group, which may lead to age segregation, and focused on old age rather than adopting a life course perspective of active aging. Despite the importance of these actions, only 11 were evaluated, suggesting that the evaluation of education and health promotion actions to demonstrate effectiveness and promote replication in other locations or services is not very common practice.

Active aging health determinants among working and retired Filipino older persons living in an urban academic campus

OBJECTIVES@#This study aims to describe the demographic profile and determine the proportion and Active Aging health determinants of staff, faculty, and retired employees who are 55 years of age and older.@*METHODS@#Mixed qualitative and quantitative methods, community-based, and participatory. Participants were working and retired faculty and staff, age 55 years and over, living within an urban campus of a University. The University Ethics Review Board approved the protocol. Focus group discussions (FGDs) led to the development of a pretested survey instrument. Additional health data were obtained using a validated Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) tool. Trained and certified health professionals conducted the CGA. A Senior Geriatrician adjudicated the final diagnoses. Progress reports and validation workshops were conducted with study participants, content experts, and stakeholders. CSPRo, SPSS, and STATA were used to generate and analyze disaggregated data.@*RESULTS@#Two hundred thirty-one (n=231) agreed to participate. The matched dataset was used in data analysis, representing a total of n=192 completed both surveys and CGA interview. Of the top 10 Geriatrician diagnoses, the highest-ranking non-communicable disease was hypertension and the top sensory diagnosis was presbyopia. Three of the self-assessed conditions were vision-related. They had better oral health than the recent national report. Most were highly independent and functional. The majority rated their QOL as good. Most had access to health insurance and a University Health Service.@*CONCLUSION@#Non-communicable diseases and visual disorders were the most common medical problems among working and retired university workers 55 years and older, living within the campus. To reduce NCDs, maintain functional independence and achieve a better quality of life especially among the retired, programs for older persons are recommended. These include access to medication, improved health financing, and senior wellness programs during and after employment. The results of the study will help understand and create a Framework for Active Aging that is relevant to this academic community.

Inclusión digital como opción aportante al envejecimiento activo / Digital Inclusion as a contributory alternative to active aging

Resumen Introducción: Actualmente, suceden dos fenómenos el crecimiento de la población adulta mayor y la incorporación creciente y masiva de las TIC en la sociedad, que si bien se supone se mueven en paralelo, a cada momento interactúan más, al punto de integrarse. Objetivo: Abordar la inclusión digital como alternativa aportante en el proceso de envejecimiento activo. Proposición: La inclusión digital se convierte en una opción que aporta al envejecimiento activo, al proporcionar alternativas para la incorporación del adulto mayor a la(s) sociedad(es) de la información y el conocimiento. Argumentos para la discusión: El envejecimiento, a pesar de ser un proceso biológico, no implica que deba asumirse como una situación de incapacidad o pérdida de condición humana, sino como un ambiente con nuevas demandas, relaciones e intereses, donde las TIC podrán aportar en la calidad de vida, si se consideran aspectos específicos en los procesos de inclusión digital. A manera de aporte, se plantean unas recomendaciones con miras a iniciativas de inclusión digital con adultos mayores residentes de hogares geriátricos. Conclusiones: La inclusión digital se convierte en estrategia relevante, para favorecer procesos de envejecimiento activo, dentro de un marco de equidad y respeto a la diversidad.

Abstract Introduction: In the current world two phenomena are happening (incremental of the elderly population and growing and massive adult implementation of ICTs in society), although they are supposed to move in parallel, they are interact more and more, to the point of integration. Objective: To address digital inclusion as an alternative contributor to the active aging process. Proposition: Digital inclusion is an option that contributes to active aging by providing alternatives for the incorporation of the elderly into the information and knowledge society(s). Arguments for discussion: Aging, even though it is a biological process, it does not imply that the process should be assumed as a cause of a situation of disability or a loss of human condition. Instead, it is an environment with new demands, relationships and interests, where ICTs can contribute to have a better life quality, if specific aspects are considered in the processes of digital inclusion. As a contribution, recommendations are made for e-inclusion initiatives with elderly residents of geriatric homes. Final thoughts: Digital inclusion is becoming a relevant strategy to promote active aging process, within a framework of equity and respect for diversity.

Diagnóstico de necesidades educativas para el envejecimiento activo en una comunidad / Diagnosis of educational needs for active aging in a community

Introducción: El envejecimiento poblacional sigue siendo un desafío para las naciones, por lo que requiere de nuevas miradas a la atención de los adultos mayores para lograr un envejecimiento activo, generador de calidad de vida y bienestar. Objetivo: Diagnosticar las necesidades educativas para el envejecimiento activo de los adultos mayores del Reparto Universitario en Santa Clara. Métodos: Siguiendo un paradigma cualitativo se emplearon técnicas como grupo focal, entrevista semiestructurada y observación participante. Resultados: Las necesidades educativas de los adultos mayores están relacionadas con poca participación activa en espacios sociales, creencias y prejuicios sobre la vejez que configuran una representación negativa de esta etapa de la vida, la que se enfoca en la culminación del desarrollo, la inactividad, inadecuación de procesos autovalorativos como el autoconcepto y la autoestima. Estas representaciones se relacionan con la no aceptación del propio proceso envejecimiento; pobreza de conocimiento de temas importantes como el ocio y el tiempo libre; así como los efectos de los ejercicios físicos para la salud, pobreza de intereses y motivaciones que trasciendan el contexto familiar. Conclusiones: Los adultos mayores deben participar en espacios de interacción social, de autocuidado y de actividad física que favorezcan el desarrollo de nuevas motivaciones que trasciendan su contexto familiar. Por lo que se deben aprovechar las potencialidades que ofrecen los entornos en los que se desenvuelven y de esa manera propiciar el desarrollo de intervenciones educativas que estimulen el envejecimiento activo(AU)

Introduction: Population aging is still a challenge for the nations, and therefore requires new looks to the attention of older adults in order to achieve active aging, which is a generator of quality of life and well-being. Objective: To diagnose the educational needs for active aging of older adults in Universidad community in Santa Clara. Methods: Following a qualitative paradigm, there were used techniques such as focus group, semi-structured interviews and participant observation. Results: The educational needs of older adults are related with little active participation in social spaces, beliefs and prejudices about old age that constitute a negative representation of this stage of life, which focuses on the culmination of the development, inactivity, inadequacy of self-evaluation processes such as self-image and self-esteem. These representations are related to non-acceptance of the aging process itself; poverty of knowledge of important issues such as leisure and free time; as well as the effects of physical exercises for health, lack of interests and motivations that transcend the family context. Conclusions: Older adults should participate in spaces of social interaction, self-care and physical activity that foster the development of new motivations that transcend their family context. There must be taken advantage of the potential offered by the environments in which they operate and thus promote the development of educational interventions that encourage active aging(AU)

Aging, Resilience and Vulnerability of Selected Faculty and Staff (55 years old and above) in an Academic Community in the Philippines

Introduction@#A demographic shift towards population aging is evident worldwide. This presents challenges particularly to low-income and middle-income countries like the Philippines. Understanding perceptions of aging, resilience, vulnerability, and gender identity will help prepare the health care system and social services in addressing the needs of the Filipino older population. @*Objective@#To describe gender identity, perceptions of active aging, successful aging, resilience, and vulnerability among faculty and staff (working, retired) in an academic community in the Philippines.@*Methods@#Survey and focus group discussions were conducted among working and retired faculty and staff aged 55 years old and above. @*Results, Analysis, and Discussion@#Almost all respondents had the same gender identity as their biological sex. There were differences in the respondents’ perceptions of active aging and successful aging and in their sources of strength and worries. Compared with retired respondents more working respondents believed that active aging meant being strong and physically active or being involved in sports. Female respondents thought that being socially active in their community and church was indicative of active aging. In contrast, male respondents equated being physically healthy with active aging. More working respondents and females (than retired and male respondents) thought that successful aging meant participating in community-based activities. In terms of vulnerability, differences were noted in the respondents’ sources of strength and worries. In general, retired respondents and female respondents said they got their strength from their grandchildren and from their religion. In contrast, working respondents and male respondents relied on their families for strength. It was also noteworthy that more retired respondents did not have any old agerelated worries compared with working respondents. Female respondents worried about their families while male respondents worried about death. Subjective nuances of being an older working or a retired employee in an academic community surfaced in the FGDs. The importance of context was evident in shaping the informants’ perceptions of active aging and frailty, and in their sources of worries and happiness. Overall, this paper adds to the body of knowledge about aging in the Philippines by studying a group of older Filipinos in an academic community. It showed that particular aspects of Filipino culture such as gender roles, religion, and close family ties permeate one’s life until he or she reaches old age. The results can help academic communities in policy formulation and program development to ensure that their older employees — throughout their life course — can adequately address vulnerability and resiliency needs to achieve active and successful aging.

Relationship of health promotion lifestyle with social support and self-efficacy of the elderly in urban-rural communities / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective:To investigate the health promoting lifestyle of the elderly in one urban-rural community in Shanghai, and explore its relationship with social support and self-efficacy. Methods:Using cluster sampling method, 984 senior citizens in a community of Pujiang Town, Minhang District, Shanghai were investigated with general situation, Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) and Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile Ⅱ (HPLPⅡ ). Results:The total score of social support was 40.51±5.92. The total score of general self-efficacy was 2.35±0.58. The total score of health-promoting lifestyle was 120.44±22.75. The total score of SSRS, subjective support and utilization of support, and the total score of GSES were positively correlated with the scores of all dimensions and total scores of HPLPⅡ(P<0.01).The factors that have a strong ability to predict the total score of HPLPⅡ for the elderly are in sequence the total score of GSES, the total score of SSRS, the number of children, and the utilization score of support. Conclusion:The level of health promoting lifestyle of the elderly in the urban-rural community needs to be improved. Among them, the score of nutrition dimension is the highest, and the score of exercise dimension is the lowest. The health promotion behavior and health level of the elderly in the community can be improved by improving social support and self-efficacy.

La participación de los atletas veteranos en deportes competitivos: ¿El ideal de envejecimiento activo? / The participation of Master athletes in competitive sports: An ideal of active aging? / A participação de atletas veteranos em esportes competitivos: O ideal do envelhecimento ativo?

En los últimos años se ha asistido a un aumento de la participación en disciplinas deportivas competitivas durante la vejez. El objetivo de este artículo es reflexionar si los atletas veteranos mayores pueden considerarse un ideal de envejecimiento activo. Para ello, se exploran tanto los factores determinantes como el impacto de la práctica de deportes competitivos entre atletas mayores. Finalmente se ofrece una visión crítica que resalta la problematicidad de la entronización de este colectivo como ejemplo de "buen envejecer".

In the last few years, participation in competitive sports in later life has considerably increased. The purpose of this article is to reflect if older Master athletes can be considered an ideal model of active aging. In order to this, the determinants and impacts of the competitive sports participation for older athletes are explored. Finally, this article offers a critical view that highlights the problem of considering this group as an ideal example of "well aging".

Nos últimos anos, houve um aumento da participação em disciplinas esportivas competitivas durante a velhice. O objetivo deste artigo é refletir se atletas veteranos mais velhos podem ser considerados um ideal de envelhecimento ativo. Para isso, são explorados os fatores determinantes e o impacto de praticar esportes competitivos entre os atletas maisvelhos. Por fim, é oferecida uma visão crítica que destaca a natureza problemática da entronização desse grupo como um exemplo de "bom envelhecimento".

Envelhecimento Ativo em Questão - Reflexões a partir de uma Oficina de Teatro com Pessoas Idosas / Active Aging in Question - Reflections from a Theater Workshop with Older People / Envejecimiento Activo en Questión: Reflexiones de un Taller de Teatro con Personas Mayores

O conceito de Envelhecimento Ativo, preconizado pela Organização Mundial de Saúde e propagado pelos discursos midiáticos e acadêmicos, carrega certa subjetividade sobre o envelhecer que, a nosso ver, precisa ser reavaliado. Com prescrições sobre o que seria um envelhecimento bem-sucedido, idealiza-se a pessoa idosa-modelo e descarta-se o dissenso e as singularidades. Neste trabalho, apresentamos uma vivência de teatro voltada a pessoas de mais idade, que pretende contribuir com reflexões acerca deste conceito e sugerir formas originais de pensar e viver a velhice.

The concept of Active Aging, advocated by the World Health Organization and propagated by media and academic discourses, carries a certain subjectivity about aging that, in our view, needs to be reevaluated. With prescriptions on what would be a successful aging, idealize the elderly model and discard dissent and singularities. In this paper, we present a theater experience aimed at older people who want to contribute reflections on this concept and suggest original ways of thinking and living old age.

El concepto de Envejecimiento Activo, defendido por la Organización Mundial de la Salud y propagado por los medios de comunicación y los discursos académicos, conlleva una cierta subjetividad sobre el envejecimiento que, en nuestra opinión, debe ser reevaluada. Con recetas sobre lo que sería un envejecimiento exitoso, idealice el modelo de ancianos y descarte la disidencia y las singularidades. En este artículo, presentamos una experiencia teatral dirigida a personas mayores que desean aportar reflexiones sobre este concepto y sugerir formas originales de pensar y vivir la vejez.

Participação sociocultural, ócio, acessibilidade e envelhecimento ativo no contexto de idosos institucionalizados / Sociocultural participation, idleness, accessibility and active ageing in the context of institutionalized elderly / Participación sociocultural, ocio, accesibilidad y envejecimiento activo en el contexto de ancianos institucionalizados / Participation socioculturelle, osiveté, accessibilité et vieillissement actif dans le contexte des personnes âgées institutionnalisées

Nas últimas décadas, a visão da velhice e do envelhecimento tem-se transformado, originando preocupações com a criação de ambientes favoráveis à população de pessoas idosas, designadamente as institucionalizadas a título permanente. Vive-se, hoje, sob o paradigma do envelhecimento ativo, processo que valoriza a combinação de indivíduo e seu ambiente, bem como a relação que entre eles se cria. Essa relação consubstancia-se em trajetórias positivas de envelhecimento e demarca-se na participação social e cultural enquanto experiência vital de ócio e de desenvolvimento humano, em que a(s) acessibilidade(s) se salienta(m) enquanto fator essencial. Tendo por base esses pressupostos, procurámos compreender de que modo a participação e o usufruto de atividades socioculturais e artísticas, em espaços externos às instituições residenciais de idosos, podem constituir contextos privilegiados de envelhecimento ativo e de construção de experiências de ócio e de desenvolvimento para os indivíduos residentes. O presente artigo está estruturado em duas partes fundamentais: Na primeira parte, apresenta-se o enquadramento teórico, discutindo o processo de envelhecimento ativo no âmbito específico da participação sociocultural; será, ainda, realizada uma discussão em torno do conceito de ócio, analisando-o desde a perspetiva humanista e enquanto elemento central numa velhice saudável e ativa; por fim, será discutida a importância da(s) acessibilidade(s) enquanto elemento determinante da participação sociocultural das pessoas idosas institucionalizadas. Na segunda parte, serão discutidos os resultados obtidos numa investigação qualitativa conduzida junto de 25 pessoas idosas, institucionalizadas a título permanente em cinco estruturas residenciais da região de Leiria, em Portugal. Assim, através da utilização de entrevistas semiestruturadas, percebemos que, quer a participação ativa em atividades de natureza sociocultural e artística, quer o usufruto deste género de atividade são percecionadas pelas pessoas idosas institucionalizadas enquanto elemento essencial no processo de envelhecimento ativo, na vivência de experiências de ócio e no sentimento de bem-estar. Contudo, essa participação sociocultural e artística só é sentida como verdadeiramente benéfica se tiver em linha de conta as questões da acessibilidade, aspeto referenciado como essencial no processo de (re)construção identitária.

In the last decades, the vision of old age and aging has been transformed, giving rise to concerns with the creation of favorable environments for the elderly population, namely those permanently institutionalized. Today we live under the paradigm of active aging, a process that values the combination of the individual and his environment, as well as the relationship between them. This relationship is embodied in positive aging trajectories and is marked by social and cultural participation as a vital experience of idleness and human development, in which accessibility (s) stands out as an essential factor. Based on these assumptions, we sought to understand how the participation and enjoyment of socio-cultural and artistic activities, in spaces outside the residential institutions of the elderly, may constitute privileged contexts of active aging and the construction of leisure and development experiences for the elderly resident individuals. This article is structured in two fundamental parts: in the first part, the theoretical framework is presented, discussing the active aging process in the specific scope of socio-cultural participation; it will also hold a discussion around the concept of idleness, analyzing it from the humanist perspective and as a central element in a healthy and active old age; Finally, the importance of accessibility(s) will be discussed as a determining element of the sociocultural participation of institutionalized elderly people. In the second part, we will discuss the results obtained in qualitative research conducted with 25 elderly people, permanently institutionalized in five residential structures in the Leiria region, in Portugal. Thus, through the use of semi-structured interviews, we realize that both active participation in sociocultural and artistic activities and the enjoyment of this kind of activity are perceived by institutionalized elderly as an essential element in the active aging process, in the experience of idleness and the feeling of well-being. However, this socio-cultural and artistic participation is only felt to be truly beneficial if it takes into account accessibility issues, which is referred to as essential in the process of identity (re)construction.

En las últimas décadas, la visión de la vejez y del envejecimiento está transformándose, originando preocupaciones con la creación de ambientes favorables para la populación de ancianos, específicamente las institucionalizadas permanentemente. Hoy se vive bajo el paradigma del envejecimiento activo, proceso que valora la combinación del individuo y su ambiente, y la relación creada entre ellos. Esta relación se consolida en trayectorias positivas de envejecimiento y se demarca en la participación social y cultural mientras experiencia vital de ocio y de desarrollo humano, en que la(s) accesibilidad(es) se destaca(n) mientras factor esencial. Teniendo por base estos presupuestos, buscamos comprender de qué modo la participación y el usufructo de actividades socioculturales y artísticas, en espacios externos a las instituciones residenciales de ancianos, pueden constituir contextos privilegiados de envejecimiento activo y de construcción de experiencias de ocio y de desarrollo para los individuos residentes. Este trabajo está estructurado en dos partes fundamentales: En la primera parte, es encuadramiento teórico es presentado, discutiendo el proceso de envejecimiento activo en el ámbito específico de la participación sociocultural; será, todavía, realizada una discusión sobre el concepto de ocio, analizando desde la perspectiva humanista y mientras elemento central en una vejez saludable y activa; por fin, será discutida la importancia de la(s) accesibilidad(es) mientras elemento determinante de la participación sociocultural de los ancianos institucionalizados. En la segunda parte, serán discutidos los resultados obtenidos en una investigación cualitativa conducida con 25 ancianos, institucionalizados permanentemente en cinco estructuras residenciales de la región de Leiria, en Portugal. Así, por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas, percibimos que, sea por la participación activa en actividades de naturaleza sociocultural y artística, sea por el usufructo de este gênero de actividad son percibidas por los ancianos institucionalizados mientras elemento esencial en el proceso de envejecimiento activo, en la vivencia de experiencias de ocio y en el sentimiento de bienestar. Sin embargo, esta participación sociocultural y artística solo es sentida como verdaderamente benévola si tiene en cuenta las cuestiones de la accesibilidad, aspecto referenciado como esencial en el proceso de (re)construcción de identidad.

Au cours des dernières décennies, la vision de la vieillesse et du vieillissement s'est transformée, en suscitant des inquiétudes quant à la création d'environnements favorables à la population âgée, à savoir ceux qui ont été institutionnalisés de manière permanente. Aujourd'hui on vit sous le paradigme du vieillissement actif, un processus qui valorise la combinaison de l'individu et de son environnement, ainsi que la relation qui les unit. Cette relation s'incarne dans les trajectoires positives du vieillissement et est marquée par la participation sociale et culturelle en tant qu'une expérience vitale de l'oisiveté et du développement humain, dans laquelle l'accessibilité apparaît comme un facteur essentiel. Sur la base de ces hypothèses, on a cherché à comprendre comment la participation et la jouissance d'activités socioculturelles et artistiques chez des espaces extérieurs aux institutions résidentielles des personnes âgées peuvent constituer des contextes privilégiés de vieillissement actif et de construction d'expériences d'oisiveté et de développement pour les personnes âgées résidentes. Cet article est structuré en deux parties fondamentales: Dans la première partie, le cadre théorique est présenté. On aborde le processus de vieillissement actif dans le cadre spécifique de la participation socioculturelle; Outre, on organise une discussion sur le concept de l'oisiveté, en l'analysant du point de vue humaniste, en tant qu'élément central d'un vieillissement sain et actif. Enfin, l'importance de l'accessibilité est discutée en tant qu'élément déterminant de la participation socioculturelle des personnes âgées institutionnalisées. Dans une seconde partie, on discute des résultats d'une étude qualitative menée avec 25 personnes âgées institutionnalisées en permanence chez cinq bâtiments résidentiels de la région de Leiria, au Portugal. Ainsi, à travers des entretiens semi-structurés, on a aperçu que soit la participation active à des activités socioculturelles et artistiques, soit la jouissance de ce type d'activité, sont perçues par les personnes âgées institutionnalisées comme un élément essentiel du processus de vieillissement actif, dans l'expérience d'oisiveté et dans le sentiment de bien-être. Cependant, cette participation socioculturelle et artistique n'est vraiment ressentie comme bénéfique que si elle prend en compte les problèmes d'accessibilité, considérés comme essentiels dans le processus de (re) construction de l'identité.

Development of integrated care tool � BRIEF for screening the unmet psychosociomedical needs of older Indians

Background: With demographic shifts, there is an unprecedented increase in noncommunicable diseases, multimorbidity, and geriatric syndromes among older adults, especially in economically weaker sectors. However, there is no socioculturally appropriate tool to screen older adults for age-related health needs, multimorbidity, and geriatric syndromes at their doorstep. Objective: Our objective was to create a self-assessment tool, 搃ntegrated care tool� (ICT), and to assess its psychometric properties by applying it on older adults from multiple settings such as hospital, community, and old-age home (assisted living services). Methods: new questionnaire was developed using standardized procedure including item development, pilot testing, and psychometric validation. After obtaining the institutional ethics committee clearance, data were collected from consenting respondents attending the Outpatient Department of Geriatric Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, community settings through health camps, and long-term care center, between May 2016 and February 2017. Data were computerized and analyzed by principal component analysis as extraction method and orthogonal varimax as rotation method. Results: The final 30-item questionnaire was arranged into various domains as per rotated component matrix analysis. Overall internal consistency of the final questionnaire, as calculated by Cronbach's alpha, was 0.79, and the measure of sampling adequacy was 0.79. Conclusion: ICT-BRIEF is a simple, self-assessment/caregiver-assisted tool to screen the health needs of older adults. This tool can be validated for developing risk score and scaled up to generate a large database to create elderly centered care plans.

As universidades seniores e o envelhecimento ativo: os impactos junto das pessoas idosas em Portugal / Senior Universities and Active Aging: the impacts on the elderly in Portugal / Las universidades mayores y el envejecimiento activo: el impacto con las personas mayores en Portugal

Este artigo discute a temática das universidades seniores e do envelhecimento ativo e a sua importância na vida das pessoas idosas. Trata-se de uma revisão crítica de literatura que aborda o assunto do envelhecimento no contexto social a partir da oferta atual da participação das pessoas idosas nas universidades seniores. Analisa-se a fundação das universidades seniores, em nível internacional e nacional, dando-se destaque a uma universidade sénior localizada no interior de Portugal, mais concretamente na cidade de Castelo Branco, designada por Universidade Sénior Albicastrense (USALBI).

This article discusses the theme of senior universities and active aging and their importance in the lives of the elderly. This is a critical literature review that addresses the issue of aging in the social context from the current offer of participation of older people in senior universities. In this context, the foundation of these institutions, at an international and national level, is analyzed, highlighting a senior university located in the interior of Portugal, more concretely in the city of Castelo Branco, known as Senior University Albicastrense (USALBI).

Este artículo discute la temática de las universidades mayores y el envejecimiento activo y su importancia en la vida de las personas mayores. Se trata de una revisión crítica de literatura que aborda el tema del envejecimiento en el contexto social a partir de la oferta actual de la participación de las personas mayores en las universidades mayores. Analiza el fundamento de las universidades, altos niveles internacionales y nacionales, haciendo especial hincapié en una universidad de alto nivel situado en el interior de Portugal, concretamente en la ciudad de Castelo Branco, llamada Universidad Albicastrense Senior (USALBI).

Bienestar psicológico en las personas mayores no dependientes y su relación con la autoestima y la autoeficacia / Psychological well-being in non-dependent active elderly individuals and its relationship with self-esteem and self-efficacy

Resumen Este estudio tuvo como objetivo examinar las relaciones entre el bienestar psicológico, la autoeficacia para envejecer y la autoestima en personas mayores de 60 años no dependientes. Han participado 148 personas con edades comprendidas entre 60 y 96 años, completando una batería de instrumentos relacionados con la autonomía, el grado y tipo de actividad, la autoeficacia para afrontar el proceso de envejecimiento, la autoestima y el bienestar psicológico. Los resultados indican que el bienestar psicológico no está asociado con la edad, sino con un conjunto de factores de corte psicológico. En concreto la percepción de la salud, las actividades físico-deportivas, la autoeficacia para envejecer, la autoestima y la autonomía se relacionan con el bienestar psicológico, aunque sólo los tres últimos indicadores lo explican. Por tanto la autoeficacia y la autoestima funcionan como promotores del bienestar físico, psicológico y social, de manera que resulta fundamental motivar la participación de los mayores en actividades físico-deportivas, recreativas, sociales y cognitivas promoviendo así su bienestar.

Abstract The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between psychological well-being, self-efficacy and self-esteem in non-dependent individuals over the age of 60. The participants included 148 seniors between 60 and 96 years of age. Data were collected through the following questionnaires: autonomy and physical and social activity scale, self-efficacy for aging scale, self-esteem scale, and the Spanish version of the wellness psychology scale. The results suggest that psychological well-being was not associated with age, but with a set of psychological factors. Psychological well-being was associated with health perception, physical and sports activities, self-efficacy, self-esteem and autonomy. The last three variables are predictors of psychological well-being. Consequently, self-efficacy and self-esteem are considered promoters of physical, psychological and social well-being, encouraging participation in physical and sports, recreational, social and cognitive activities promoting wellness and, ultimately, active aging.

Lazer nos centros de convivência dos municípios da região norte do Paraná / Leisure in the coexistence centers of the municipalities of the northern region of Paraná

Evidências demonstram o aumento da expectativa de vida em pessoas acima dos 60 anos. O lazer, aliado a outros determinantes, pode ser decisivo para a qualidade de vida da pessoa idosa. Este estudo analisou o direcionamento das atividades de lazer desenvolvidas nos Centros de Convivência de Idosos (CCI) nos Municípios da Região Norte do Paraná e a importância do gosto do idoso na seleção das atividades dos Centros de Convivência. Essa é uma pesquisa descritiva, de caráter quantitativo realizada com uma amostra composta por 200 idosos de 10 Municípios, os quais responderam a um questionário composto por questões abertas, fechadas e mistas respaldadas pelos objetivos propostos. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva, frequência e porcentagem. As atividades desenvolvidas pelos centros de convivência analisados não estão em consonância com o gosto dos indivíduos e se repetem no decorrer do tempo, não respeitando as mudanças culturais e sociais de cada geração. Conclui-se que, atender ao gosto dos idosos emergiu como um fator indispensável para a emancipação, o desenvolvimento psíquico e físico visando à amplitude de possibilidades para o envelhecimento saudável e consequentemente, para a qualidade de vida....(AU)

Evidence shows an increase in life expectancy in people over 60 years of age. Leisure, combined with other determinants, can be decisive for the quality of life of the elderly person. This study analyzed the orientation of leisure activities developed in the Centers for the Coexistence of Elderly People (CCI) in the Municipalities of the Northern Region of Paraná and the importance of the taste of the elderly in the selection of activities of the Coexistence Centers. This is a descriptive, quantitative research conducted with a sample composed of 200 elderly people from 10 municipalities, who answered a questionnaire composed of open, closed and mixed questions backed by the proposed objectives. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, frequency and percentage. The activities developed by the social centers analyzed are not in harmony with the taste of the individuals and they are repeated in the course of time, not respecting the cultural and social changes of each generation. It is concluded that attending to the taste of the elderly emerged as an indispensable factor for emancipation, the psychic and physical development aiming at the range of possibilities for healthy aging and, consequently, for the quality of life....(AU)